Kingdom of Portugal

The Kingdom of Portugal (Portuguese: Reino de Portugal, Latin: Regnum Portugalliae), or the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves (Portuguese: Reino de Portugal e dos Algarves,^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] Latin: Regnum Portugalliae et Algarbia), was Portugal's general designation under the monarchy. The kingdom was located in the west of the Iberian Peninsula, Europe and existed from 1139 to 1910. It was replaced by the Portuguese First Republic after the 5 October 1910 revolution.

1 Origins and end
2 The Portuguese Empire
3 Rulers
4 Notes
5 Sources
6 See also

Origins and end

Kingdom of Portugal
Topics
Portuguese Monarchs Portuguese Cortes Portuguese Nobility Portuguese Empire Portuguese Discoveries Demise of the Monarchy Succession to the Throne

Main article: History of Portugal

The Second County of Portugal (1093–1139), successor to the First County of Portugal (868–1071), became a kingdom on 26 July 1139 when Afonso I was proclaimed king of Portugal.^[5] The kingdom would be an absolute monarchy up until 1822, with a small interval of absolutism between 1828 and 1834.

In 1908, King Carlos I of Portugal and his eldest son, the crown prince, were killed in a regicide at Lisbon.^[6] The Portuguese monarchy lasted until 5 October 1910, when through a revolution, it was overthrown and Portugal was proclaimed a republic.^[7] The overthrow of the Portuguese monarchy in 1910 led to a 16 year struggle to sustain parliamentary democracy under republicanism.

The Portuguese Empire

Main article: Portuguese Empire

Over time, the Kingdom of Portugal built what was known as the Portuguese Empire.Starting with the Conquest of Ceuta in 1415, the empire expanded with the addition of many colonies, the largest of which was Brazil (established in 1500 and disolved in1822). After the republican revolution in 1910, the remaining colonies of the empire became overseas provinces of the Portuguese Republic until the late 20th century, when the last overseas territories of Portugal were handed over (most notably Portuguese Africa, which included the overseas provinces of Angola and Mozambique, in 1975, and finally Macau in 1999).

Rulers

Main article: List of Portuguese monarchs

Notes

^ Serrão, "... pescado nos mares do Reino de Portugal e dos Algarves e ilhas adjacentes." p. 288
^ Mattoso, Hespanha, "Todo o território do Reino de Portugal e dos Algarves era coberto pela rede paroquial..." p. 274
^ Soriano, p. 307
^ São Miguel, da Fonseca, p. 19
^ Wilner, Hero, Weiner, p. 190
^ Wheeler, p. 44
^ Wheeler, p. 54

Sources

Joaquim Veríssimo Serrão, História de Portugal: Do mindelo á regeneração (1832-1851)
José Mattoso, António Manuel Hespanha, História de Portugal 4: O Antigo Regime (1620-1807), (1998) ISBN 9723313111
Simão José da Luz Soriano, Historia da Guerra Civil e do estabelecimento do governo parlamentar em Portugal: comprehedendo a historia diplomatica, militar e politica d'este reino desde 1777 até 1834 Volume 9 (1893)
Jacinto de São Miguel (Frei), Martinho Augusto Ferreira da Fonseca, Mosteiro de Belém: Relação da insigne e real casa de Santa Maria de Belém (1901)
Mark Willner, George Hero, Jerry Weiner, Global History Volume I: The Ancient World to the Age of Revolution (2006) ISBN 9780764158117
Douglas L. Wheeler, Republican Portugal: A Political History, 1910-1926 (1998) ISBN 9780299074548

Topics related to the Portuguese Monarchy

Major events	Battle of São Mamede Manifestis Probatum 1383–1385 Crisis Battle of Aljubarrota Battle of Alcácer Quibir 1580 Portuguese succession crisis War of the Portuguese Succession Iberian Union Portuguese Restoration War Transfer of the Portuguese Court Liberal Wars Municipal Library Elevator Coup Lisbon Regicide 5 October 1910 revolution Royalist attack on Chaves

Royal Houses	Portuguese House of Burgundy House of Aviz House of Aviz-Beja Portuguese House of Habsburg House of Braganza House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Royal Residences	Ajuda Palace Alcáçova Palace Belém Palace Buçaco Palace Mafra Palace Necessidades Palace Pena Palace Queluz Palace Ribeira Palace Sintra Palace

Miscellaneous	Portuguese Monarchs Line of succession to the former Portuguese throne Portuguese Cortes Portuguese nobility List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza

Portuguese Overseas Empire

North Africa

15th century
1415–1640 Ceuta
1458–1550 Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir)
1471–1550 Arzila (Asilah)
1471–1662 Tangier
1485–1550 Mazagan (El Jadida)
1487– middle 16th century Ouadane
1488–1541 Safim (Safi)
1489 Graciosa

16th century
1505–1769 Santa Cruz do Cabo
de Gué (Agadir)
1506–1525 Mogador (Essaouira)
1506–1525 Aguz (Souira Guedima)
1506–1769 Mazagan (El Jadida)
1513–1541 Azamor (Azemmour)
1515 São João da Mamora (Mehdya)
1577–1589 Arzila (Asilah)

Sub-Saharan Africa

15th century 1455–1633 Anguim 1470–1975 São Tomé¹ 1474–1778 Annobón 1478–1778 Fernando Poo (Bioko) 1482–1637 Elmina (São Jorge da Mina) 1482–1642 Portuguese Gold Coast 1496–1550 Madagascar 1498–1540 Mascarene Islands	16th century 1500–1630 Malindi 1500–1975 Príncipe¹ 1501–1975 Portuguese E. Africa (Mozambique) 1502–1659 Saint Helena 1503–1698 Zanzibar 1505–1512 Quíloa (Kilwa) 1506–1511 Socotra 1557–1578 Accra 1575–1975 Portuguese W. Africa (Angola) 1588–1974 Cacheu² 1593–1698 Mombassa (Mombasa)	17th century 1642–1975 Cape Verde 1645–1888 Ziguinchor 1680–1961 São João Baptista de Ajudá 1687–1974 Bissau² 18th century 1728–1729 Mombassa (Mombasa) 1753–1975 São Tomé and Príncipe 19th century 1879–1974 Portuguese Guinea 1885–1975 Portuguese Congo
	¹ Part of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1753. ² Part of Portuguese Guinea from 1879.

Southwest Asia

16th century
1506–1615 Gamru (Bandar-Abbas)
1507–1643 Sohar
1515–1622 Hormuz (Ormus)
1515–1648 Quriyat
1515–? Qalhat
1515–1650 Muscat
1515?–? Barka
1515–1633? Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)
1521–1602 Bahrain (Muharraq and Manama)
1521–1529? Qatif
1521?–1551? Tarut Island
1550–1551 Qatif
1588–1648 Matrah

17th century
1620–? Khor Fakkan
1621?–? As Sib
1621–1622 Qeshm
1623–? Khasab
1623–? Libedia
1624–? Kalba
1624–? Madha
1624–1648 Dibba Al-Hisn
1624?–? Bandar-e Kong

Indian subcontinent

15th century
1498–1545 Laccadive Islands
(Lakshadweep)

16th century
Portuguese India
· 1500–1663 Cochim (Kochi)
· 1502–1661 Quilon (Coulão/Kollam)
· 1502–1663 Cannanore (Kannur)
· 1507–1657 Negapatam (Nagapatnam)
· 1510–1962 Goa
· 1512–1525 Calicut (Kozhikode)
· 1518–1619 Portuguese Paliacate trading outpost (Pulicat)
· 1521–1740 Chaul
· 1523–1662 Mylapore
· 1528–1666 Chittagong
· 1531–1571 Chaul
· 1534–1601 Salsette Island
· 1534–1661 Bombay (Mumbai)
· 1535–1739 Baçaím (Vasai-Virar)
· 1536–1662 Cranganore (Kodungallur)
· 1540–1612 Surat
· 1548–1658 Tuticorin (Thoothukudi)

16th century (continued)
Portuguese India (continued)
· 1559–1962 Daman and Diu
· 1568–1659 Mangalore
· 1579–1632 Hugli
· 1598–1610 Masulipatnam (Machilipatnam)
1518–1521 Maldives
1518–1658 Portuguese Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
1558–1573 Maldives

17th century
Portuguese India
· 1687–1749 Mylapore

18th century
Portuguese India
· 1779–1954 Dadra and Nagar Haveli

East Asia and Oceania

	16th century 1511–1641 Portuguese Malacca 1512–1621 Maluku · 1522–1575 Ternate · 1576–1605 Ambon · 1578–1650 Tidore 1512–1665 Makassar 1553–1999 Macau 1571–1639 Decima (Dejima, Nagasaki)	17th century 1642–1975 Portuguese Timor (East Timor)¹ 19th century Macau · 1864–1999 Coloane · 1849–1999 Portas do Cerco · 1851–1999 Taipa · 1890–1999 Ilha Verde 20th century Macau · 1938–1941 Lapa and Montanha (Hengqin)
¹	1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent invasion by Indonesia. In 2002, East Timor's independence was recognized by Portugal & the world.

North America and the North Atlantic Ocean

15th century
1420 Madeira
1432 Azores

16th century
1500–1579? Terra Nova (Newfoundland)
1500–1579? Labrador
1516–1579? Nova Scotia

Central and South America

16th century
1500–1822 Brazil
1536–1620 Barbados

17th century
1680–1777 Nova Colónia do Sacramento
19th century
1808–1822 Cisplatina (Uruguay)
1809–1817 Portuguese Guiana
1822 Upper Peru (Bolivia)

Portuguese colonization of the Americas

Theory of Portuguese discovery of Australia